• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    WEAR PART PREFERENTIALLY FOR A VEHICLE, WEAR AND VEHICLE CHECKING SYSTEM, ESPECIALLY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES. The invention relates to a wear part (1) preferably for the vehicle, comprising a wear indicator whose appearance changes depending on a wear state of the wear part, in which the wear indicator comprises a multi-dimensional model (3) which it is arranged in such a way in the wear part that different levels (3A, 3B, 3C) of the model are exposed depending on the state of wear.
    公开号:BR102015001978B1
    申请号:R102015001978-5
    申请日:2015-01-28
    公开日:2020-12-01
    发明作者:Matthias Butz
    申请人:Man Truck & Bus Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    [0001] The invention relates to a wear part, preferably a wear part for a vehicle, with a wear indicator whose appearance changes depending on a wear state of the wear part. In addition, the invention relates to a system for checking wear.
    [0002] An outstanding application and as an example of the invention concerns a tire as an example for the wear part, which is configured with the wear indicator according to the invention. It is known from practice that the tire wear status must be checked regularly, in order to monitor the tire's functionality and to meet legal standards. In the case of commercial vehicles, the tires can, after reaching the wear limit, be recaptured up to twice and recovered once. In order to assess when a change or renewal of tires or profiles is necessary, wear characteristics and predictions are used.
    [0003] From the state of the art methods are known, for example, which assess the state of tire wear from the driving behavior of the driver. From EP 1 798 071 A3, US 6289958 B1 and US 7050017 B2, other methods are known in which sensors are integrated into the tires, which measure the current state of wear.
    [0004] Furthermore, wear characteristics are known, which emit a warning or acoustic (see DE 18 03 483 A1, US 2012/0010776 A1 and US 2012/0266649 A1) or optical and are then evaluated by an electronic or by the driver himself. Optical wear characteristics are known from the state of the art, which display, in color or with reference forms of final wear, only the final wear state (see US 6220199 B1, DE 24 57 334 C3) or display, through of its continuous change in shape, the progress of wear (DE 36 27 833 A1, US 8162014 B2, EP 1 705 034 B9, WO 2001/0012735 A1, US 2102784 A1).
    [0005] The known approaches have a number of disadvantages. The aforementioned assessment methods, which calculate wear from driving behavior, cannot consider all external conditions and are therefore inaccurate. Automatic storage and wear status assessment can only be achieved with integrated tire sensors or optical systems. Sensors that are embedded in the tires, however, have the disadvantage that they are expensive and need to be built robustly in order to enable retreatment or recapping.
    [0006] The systems mentioned above, which can safely detect and evaluate an optical characteristic, require a high quality and are, therefore, also very costly. A depression or elevation in a tire can only be detected by simple optical systems at great cost. In addition, wear marks in the form of pockets can fill up with dirt, mud or other impurities and still make it difficult to measure and detect the mark. Due to the dark color of the tire, even if the contrast between the tread and the wear mark is not dirty, it is difficult to be able to recognize it safely. For this reason, measurement errors cannot be excluded in the case of methods known from the state of the art.
    [0007] With this, a task of the invention is to provide a wear part comprising an improved wear indicator with which the disadvantages of conventional wear verification techniques can be avoided. The task of the invention is, in particular, to provide a wear indicator with which the wear state can be reliably detected and evaluated. Another task of the invention is to provide a system for checking wear, which enables quick and safe detection and monitoring of the wear status of the wear part.
    [0008] These tasks are solved by means of a wear part with a wear indicator according to the characteristics of the independent claim. Advantageous modalities and applications of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and will be explained in more detail in the description below with partial reference to the Figures.
    [0009] The wear part according to the invention for a vehicle has, according to the state of the art, a wear indicator whose appearance changes depending on a wear state of the wear part.
    [0010] According to general points of view of the invention, the wear indicator comprises a multi-dimensional model, which is arranged in such a way in the wear part that different levels of the model are exposed depending on the state of wear.
    [0011] A multi-dimensional model, in the context of this invention, comprises a plurality of different levels (of wear) arranged on top of one another in the direction of wear, which have a model that is respectively attributed to a state of wear. In the case of increasing wear of the wear part, different successive levels of the multi-dimensional model are corroded depending on wear, so that different levels can be seen on a two-dimensional surface depending on the wear state. The number of models arranged on top of each other in the direction of wear, therefore, is not limited to a certain number. The greater the number of models arranged on top of each other, the greater the number of different determinable wear states.
    [0012] The pluridimensional model preferably changes slightly in the direction of wear, in such a way that in each state of wear it can be established unequivocally which of the models arranged on top of the other exposed. In the case of a slight change in the model, at least part of the model changes slightly with decreasing height of wear, therefore, non-continuously. Depending on the slight change, the wear state attributed to the determined model to be exposed can be reliably determined.
    [0013] According to an advantageous modality, the respective exposed level of the model can be configured allowing to be read optically and electronically. The model can, for example, be a 2D code, preferably a QR® code or a 1D code, preferably a bar code, as described in more detail below. This makes it possible to read the wear condition quickly with a suitable optical reader.
    [0014] The respective exposed level of the model can contain data, which are indicative for the respective state of wear. Thus, at the different levels of the three-dimensional model, respective data relating to the assigned state of wear can be encoded, for example, in binary form using a QR® code or as a character, encoded using a bar code. This allows for a digital evaluation and, as a result, a reduced possibility of error, less than in analogous evaluation methods. Another advantage lies in the fact that the data can accurately describe the state of wear, for example, in the form of a percentage indication.
    [0015] As an example, the different levels of the three-dimensional model may comprise a machine-readable monodimensional or bidimensional code.
    [0016] According to a preferred modality, the different levels of the multidimensional model represent, respectively, a 2D code, preferably a QR® code. According to this variant, the three-dimensional model is thus configured as a 2D code, for example, as a QR® code, which changes its shape or appearance in the direction of wear, in such a way that the information content of the code 2D changes with decreasing level of wear. As a result, the wear indicator can consist, in the variant with QR® code, of a plurality of two-dimensional QR® codes arranged on top of each other. The QR® code according to this variant can therefore be referred to as a three-dimensional QR® code.
    [0017] The wear indicator with the three-dimensional QR® code is arranged in such a way on the wear part that, depending on the wear, the individual levels of the QR® code are worn successively and, depending on the wear status, always a respective QR code ® two-dimensional will be visible, which encodes information or data related to the current state of wear in a binary way. The QR® code can be a QR® micro-code or an IQR® code.
    [0018] In the case of another variant, instead of a 2D code or QR® code, a conventional 1D code is used, for example, a barcode (Barcode, in English), in such a way that the different levels of the model represent respectively a bar code.
    [0019] A special advantage of using the 2D or 1D multi-dimensional code according to the invention is that the 2D code or 2-dimensional 1D code respectively exposed in a state of wear can be read optically and electronically. For this purpose, in particular, a conventional end-user mobile device can be used, for example, a Smartphone or a Tablet / Computer, which are programmed using the corresponding application software for reading 2D code or 1D code or code QR® or barcode.
    [0020] In the case of an advantageous variant of the aforementioned modalities, a shape of the 2D code and / or the 1D code can change in such a way in the direction of wear that a number and / or shape and / or position and / or color of the information medium decreases. In the case of a 2D code, the means of information are the black surfaces and, in the case of a bar code, they are the black bars respectively in relation to the white surfaces or white bars. This makes it possible to produce especially simple 2D code or three-dimensional 1D code.
    [0021] In addition, the model can be configured in such a way that additionally other characteristics of the wear part, especially characteristics independent of the wear state, are coded. The characteristics independent of the wear state can, for example, be an indication of the manufacturer, the date of manufacture or the type of wear part. Especially in the case of tires, the independent characteristics of the state of wear can also contain information saying whether and / or how often the tires were resurfaced and restored.
    [0022] A special aspect of the wear indicator according to the invention resides in the fact that by means of the multi-dimensional model, for example, the three-dimensional or multi-dimensional QR® code, both data dependent on the state of wear and data independent of the state of wear. wear can be adjusted, which enables an improved analysis of the wear state.
    [0023] In the case of an advantageous variant of this modality, the wear indicator is configured in such a way that the characteristics independent of the wear state of the wear part are set in a region that does not change in the wear direction. Thus, depending on this modality, the arrangement of those information media, for example, the QR® code or the bar code, which encode the characteristics independent of the wear state of the wear part, can be the same at each level. .
    [0024] It has already been mentioned above that, in the case of an outstanding use, by way of example, of the invention, the wear part may be a tire in which the wear indicator is incorporated into the tire's tread.
    [0025] If the multi-dimensional model on the tire is configured as a multi-layered 2D code, the black surfaces of the 2D code can be formed by tire material and an intermediate space between the black surfaces of the 2D code can be configured as a pocket and / or as elevation.
    [0026] In a comparable way, in the case of the modality variant with a multi-layer 1D code, for example, barcode, the black strips of the 1D code can be formed by tire material, and an intermediate space between the black strips code 1D can be configured as pocket and / or elevation.
    [0027] In other words, the means of information, with this, are represented by the tire material. It is noteworthy, however, that an inversion of the aforementioned modality variants is also possible, in which the intermediate space of the information media is formed by the tire material.
    [0028] In addition, in the context of the invention, the possibility arises that the wear characteristic is produced as a component produced separately and that it is subsequently incorporated into a present pocket of the wear part.
    [0029] In order to increase the readability of the 2D code or, in general, of the model, it is advantageous to provide the intermediate space of the information media with a contrast medium, for example, by filling with a mass of contrast, in that a wear characteristic of the contrast medium or contrast material corresponds to a wear characteristic of the tire material. The wear characteristic of the contrast material may correspond to the wear characteristic of the tread tire material. In an especially simple variant, the intermediate space between the information media can be filled, for example, with white glue.
    [0030] According to another advantageous variant, the contrast mass can be configured to be fluorescent, in order to ensure legibility even in very bad light circumstances. This is particularly advantageous for tires that cannot be driven or are located in very narrow wheel compartments.
    [0031] In addition to the application highlighted and mentioned above as an example of the wear indicator according to the invention on a tire, another preferred application of the invention comprises the application of the wear indicator on a brake disc. According to this variant, the wear part is thus a brake disc and the wear indicator is incorporated into a brake surface, also called the friction surface, of the brake disc.
    [0032] The multi-dimensional model can, for example, be formed by a plurality of pockets or elevations arranged successively between themselves, which are incorporated into the friction surface of the brake disc. Here, a multi-dimensional model means, in turn, that the model extends over a surface vertically in relation to the wear direction as well as in the wear direction. In addition, depending on the wear of the friction surface, the number, shape and / or position of the pockets or elevations visible in a top view over the friction surface change slightly.
    [0033] With this, the contour of the wear indicator changes depending on the wear state, and the wear state can be determined from the number, shape and / or position of the pockets and / or elevations visible in the top view over the brake disc. According to another variant, the model can, in turn, be configured as a multi-layer QR® code or a multi-layer barcode, which is incorporated into the brake disc. The term “multilayered” means here and in the context with the subsequent modalities that the model, for example, the code, has several levels arranged on top of each other in the direction of wear, in which the model is structured differently. The term “one layer”, therefore, should not necessarily be understood in the present context as a closed material unit.
    [0034] Another aspect of the invention concerns a system for checking wear. The system comprises a wear part with a wear indicator according to one of the aspects mentioned above. The system also comprises a multifunctional mobile device that can be used by the end consumer, which is equipped with application software to detect optically and electronically a respectively visible and flat model of the wear indicator, for example, a visible 1D code or 2D code of the model and to establish, based on the detected three-dimensional model, a wear state of the wear part.
    [0035] The multifunctional mobile device usable by the end consumer can, for example, be a conventional mobile computer carried by the hands, for example, a Smartphone or a Tablet / Computer. In that case, the application software can be a so-called Mobile App for the Smartphone or for the Tablet / Computer. With the mobile device of the final consumer, the wear indicator can be read in each pre-driving control or, when necessary, by the driver with the device's camera.
    [0036] The mobile device can, in this context, be so equipped with programming technology that in addition to the information read dependent on or independent of the state of wear, as previously described, data relating to the current location and date can also be automatically recorded at a central point, for example, a conveyor. In such a system, it is also possible to ensure that a pre-driving check is carried out on a regular basis. In addition, it is possible to calculate the remaining life of the tire by means of frequent time evaluations in order to plan the next tire change.
    [0037] With this, a special advantage of the invention resides in the fact that the wear indicators shown can be read by machines and can be read especially by means of a conventional Smartphone, which is correspondingly equipped with application software. The wear data read can also be sent via telematics software to a central computer for storage, with which the wear progress can be documented and predicted.
    [0038] Another aspect of the invention concerns a vehicle, especially a commercial vehicle, with a wearing part in accordance with one of the aspects mentioned above.
    [0039] Other particularities and advantages of the invention will be described below with reference to the attached Figures, which show:
    [0040] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tire with QR® code incorporated as a wear indicator according to a first modality;
    [0041] Figure 2A and Figure 2BQR® code form of Figure 1 in a second state of wear;
    [0042] Figure 4A and Figure 4BQR® code form of Figure 1 in a third state of wear;
    [0043] Figure 5A a tire with a pocket for incorporating the wear indicator;
    [0044] Figure 5B schematically the construction in several layers of the QR® code;
    [0045] Figure 6 is a sectional view of a brake disc with QR® code incorporated as a wear indicator according to another mode;
    [0046] Figure 7 the shape of the QR® code in a first state of wear;
    [0047] Figure 8 the shape of the QR® code in a second wear state;
    [0048] Figure 9a shape of the QR® code in a third wear state; and
    [0049] Figure 10A and Figure 10B schematically the construction in several layers and the incorporation of the QR® code to the friction surface of the brake disc.
    [0050] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a tire 1, in which a wear indicator in the form of a multi-layered QR® 3 code is incorporated into the tread 2. The QR® code is configured as iQR code, the which is especially suitable for cylindrical surfaces.
    [0051] Figure 2A shows an enlarged perspective view of section A of Figure 1 and Figure 2B shows an enlarged top view of section A of Figure 1. Figures 2A and 2B show especially the highest level 3A of the QR® code in the new tire condition.
    [0052] The QR® code information medium, that is, the black dots and dashes 12 of the QR® code are formed by tire material. For reasons of simplified representation and for better visibility, only some of the points or traces of the QR® code are characterized with the reference number 12.
    [0053] The intermediate space between the means of information 12 is respectively realized as pocket. The current form of the QR® code digitally describes the state of tire wear and other information relating to the tire and can, for example, be read optically and electronically with a Smartphone via its camera.
    [0054] The QR® code is made up of several layers, in such a way that, with increasing wear, individual information media (dots and dashes 12) disappear. With increasing wear, the contour of the QR® code changes and, as a result, its information content.
    [0055] This is shown by way of example in Figures 3A and 3B, which show the section A of Figure 1 in a state that corresponds to greater wear compared to the state of wear which is represented in Figures 2A and 2B. Figures 3A and 3B thus show a layer 3B of the QR® code, which is exposed through the deterioration caused by level 3A wear.
    [0056] Compared to Figures 2A and 2B, the number of points and dashes of the QR® code is reduced in Figures 3A and 3B. Thus, it can be concluded from the outline of the QR® code of Figures 3A and 3B that there is a greater state of wear.
    [0057] Figures 4A and 4B illustrate another state with even greater wear, in which level 3C of the QR® code is exposed. In the case of the QR® 3C code, the number of information media 12 continues to be reduced.
    [0058] In this case, the three-dimensional QR® code is configured in such a way that the depth is configured differently in the direction of wear of the individual means of information (dashes and points). While some information media reach all levels of the QR® code and can thus be seen in each wear state, other information media can be less deep and thus disappear with decreasing wear height of the wear part.
    [0059] In another modality variant (not shown), a part of the information means is used to encode information independent of the state of wear, such as manufacturer or the date of manufacture of the wear part. These means of information are maintained continuously and can be viewed at all exposed levels of the QR® code.
    [0060] Previously it has been mentioned that, for better recognition, the black dots and traces of the intermediate space can be filled with a contrast mass, which corresponds to the tire material in its wear characteristics and, therefore, wears out exactly fast and does not cause any technical worsening of the tire. For this, for example, rubber can be used. This contrast mass can still be basically configured to be fluorescent, in order to also ensure legibility in poor light conditions. This is necessary for tires that cannot be maneuvered and that are in very narrow wheel compartments.
    [0061] Figures 5A and 5B schematically illustrate the incorporation of the wear indicator and its construction in several layers. As shown in Figure 5A, the wear indicator can be inserted into a pocket 4, which is incorporated into the tire's tread. This has the special advantage that the wear indicator can be post-installed and / or mounted separately.
    [0062] The wear indicator can therefore be mounted separately, for example, by means of injection molding and then filled with a post-fill mass. The filler also has the advantage that no dirt can accumulate in the pockets between the media.
    [0063] Figure 5B illustrates the multi-layer construction of the wear indicator 3, in which in the present example, for simplification of the representation, only three levels 3A, 3B and 3C of the QR® code are represented, which represent the dependent appearance wear of the wear indicator or QR® code.
    [0064] In Figure 5B it is shown that the number of information media 12 at the upper levels is greater than at the lower levels.
    [0065] The wear characteristics can, in particular, be configured in one or also in several parts. A multi-part feature can be applied in layers or initially combined and then applied as a single piece. In the case of a wear layer in several layers, several levels with QR® code or bar code, which are already made in black and in contrast color, are applied successively to each other. Finally, the wear part can be incorporated into a pocket 4 provided in the tread 2.
    [0066] It should be noted that the representation with three levels and three different modalities of the QR® code is for example only and the three-dimensional QR® code or, in general, the three-dimensional model can also have a model or another QR® code number different two-dimensional.
    [0067] Figures 6 to 10B illustrate another application of the invention, in which the wear indicator according to the invention is used on a brake disc.
    [0068] Figure 6 shows a sectional view of a brake disc 5 internally ventilated with two brake discs 7, 8 ring. The wear indicator 9 is incorporated into at least one of the friction surfaces 6.
    [0069] Figure 7 shows an enlarged perspective view of region A of Figure 6. In the friction surface 6 is incorporated a three-dimensional structure by drilling or milling, in which the embedded recesses are information means 12, 12a of a three-dimensional QR® code . In a top view over the friction surface, a two-dimensional level of the QR® code can be seen respectively.
    [0070] For reasons of simplified representability and better visibility, only some of the recesses or means of information of the QR® code are characterized, in turn, with reference numbers.
    [0071] Figure 7 shows that the individual information means 12, 12a extend with different depths in the direction of wear, that is, vertically to the friction surface 6, such that the contour of the QR® code changes depending on the state brake disc wear.
    [0072] Figure 8 shows a higher wear state compared to Figure 7. Then, another level 9B of the QR® code is exposed in the wear state of Figure 8, since the level located above 9A has deteriorated as a function of wear and tear.
    [0073] The layer 9B of the QR® code of Figure 8 shows less information means 12 than the level 9A of Figure 7. Due to the altered contour of the exposed level, the information content of the QR® code changes. The contour of level 9B is a state of greater wear than that of the contour of level 9A in Figure 7, which is installed correspondingly in the mobile end-user device. The smartphone recognizes, by photographing the location A of the friction surface 6, the contour of the level 9B, then it can determine the corresponding wear state and show it to the user.
    [0074] In the simplified example of Figure 3, three depths t1, t2 and t3 of the information media 12, 12a are represented. As a result, information media 12 with depth t1 disappear, with increasing wear, which can no longer be seen in Figure 8, and then information media 12 with depth t2, which can no longer be seen in Figure 9. Thus, in Figure 9 only the information means 12a with depth t3 can still be seen.
    [0075] The exposed level 9c of the wear state of Figure 9 contains only elements 12A of the QR® code, which have the greatest depths. Thus, if the brake disc is damaged by wear, so that only the QR® code can be seen, it can be concluded that the brake disc has a very high wear and must be replaced.
    [0076] Figures 10A and 10B schematically illustrate the multi-layered construction of the wear indicator 9 and the incorporation of the wear indicator 9 into the pocket 11, which is installed on the friction surface 6 of the brake disc. Levels 9A, 9B and 9C of the QR® code represent the appearance due to the wear of the wear indicator or the QR® code.
    [0077] In one embodiment of the invention, defined discs 11 can be provided on brake discs, such as, for example, pockets or perforations, in which the wear indicator is subsequently fixed in the form of the QR® code in several layers. This can occur through pressing, welding or screwing.
    [0078] The wear indicator itself can be produced in an exclusive process. By means of a construction form that allows visualization of the wear indicator, then possibly also complex three-dimensional shapes are converted into easier ones for the representation of a QR® code. Alternatively, retreading measures can also be used to install the feature.
    [0079] In addition, it should be noted that in addition to the QR® code, a bar code can also be used. In addition to wear-dependent information, these codes can also be used to encode on account information relating to the brake disc, which does not change with wear, for example, date of manufacture, axle, vehicle side, unique identification of manufacturer (ID) etc.
    [0080] Another advantage of using QR® code is the possibility of encoding in redundant form, in such a way that through the plurality of points the measurement inaccuracies due to dirt or similar can also be avoided.
    [0081] Although the invention has been described by reference to certain modalities, a plurality of variants and modifications are possible, which also make use of the ideas of the invention and, therefore, fall within the scope of protection. The invention, therefore, should not be limited to certain disclosed modalities, but should comprise all the modalities that fall within the scope of the attached patent claims. , 3C Wear indicator or QR® wear-dependent levels 4Recessed pocket 5Breaking disc 6Friction surface 7, 8 Brake disc rings 9Wear indicator, QR® code 9A, 9B, 9C wear dependent levels of the wear indicator wear or QR® code 10Intermediate space for internal ventilation 11Recessed pocket 12, 12A Information medium t1, t2, t3 Depth of information medium
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    1. Brake disc (5), preferably for a vehicle, comprising a wear indicator that is incorporated in a friction surface (7) of the brake disc (5) and whose appearance changes depending on a disc wear state brake, characterized by the fact that the wear indicator comprises a multi-dimensional model (9) with a plurality of different levels arranged over each other in the direction of wear, which comprise a model that is associated with a state of wear, in that the multi-dimensional model is so arranged in the wear part that different levels (9A, 9B, 9C) of the model are exposed depending on the state of wear, and the fact that the respective exposed level of the model encodes data that are indicative for the respective state of wear, in which the different levels of the multi-dimensional model comprise a machine-readable monodimensional or bidimensional code.
    [0002]
    2. Brake disc, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the respective exposed level of the model can be read optically and electronically.
    [0003]
    Brake disc according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the model (9) changes slightly in the direction of wear, so that in each wear state it can be unequivocally established which of the models of the multi-dimensional models that are arranged on top of each other are exposed.
    [0004]
    4. Brake disc according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that (a) the different levels (9A, 9B, 9C) of the multi-dimensional model (9) represent, respectively, a 2D code, preferably a QR® code; or (b) the different levels of the multi-dimensional model represent a 1D code, preferably a barcode, respectively.
    [0005]
    Brake disc according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that a shape of the 2D code and / or the 1D code changes in such a way in the direction of wear that a number and / or shape and / or position and / or color of the information medium (12) varies.
    [0006]
    6. Brake disc according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that other characteristics independent of the wear state of the wear part are coded in the model.
    [0007]
    7. Brake disc according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that a region of the model, in which characteristics independent of the wear state of the wear part are coded, does not change in the wear direction.
    [0008]
    Brake disc according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that (a) the multi-dimensional model is formed by a plurality of pockets or elevations arranged successively between themselves, which are incorporated into the surface of friction (7); and (b) the number and / or the shape and / or the position of the pockets or elevations visible in the upper view of the friction surface (7) changes depending on the wear of the friction surface (7).
    [0009]
    9. Wear check system, comprising a brake disc (5) as described in any of claims 4 to 8; and an end-user usable multifunctional mobile device, characterized by the fact that the mobile device is configured using application software to optically and electronically detect a visible 1D code or 2D code (9A, 9B, 9C) of the wear indicator (9) and determine, based on the 1D code or 2D code (9A, 9B, 9C) detected, a state of wear and / or other characteristics of the wear part (9).
    [0010]
    10. Vehicle, especially a commercial vehicle, characterized by the fact that it is with a brake disc (5) as described in any of claims 1 to 8.
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    DE102014003985A1|2015-09-24|
    RU2019112252A|2019-05-06|
    EP2921322A3|2015-11-18|
    CN104924857A|2015-09-23|
    RU2015108927A3|2018-10-19|
    EP2921322A2|2015-09-23|
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    法律状态:
    2016-05-31| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention|
    2018-10-30| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-12-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-08-18| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-12-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/01/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014003985.4|2014-03-19|
    DE102014003985.4A|DE102014003985A1|2014-03-19|2014-03-19|Wear part with a wear indicator and system for wear testing|
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